Upon the closing of the Company’s IPO, the Company’s shareholders agreement terminated pursuant to its terms. In connection with the closing of the IPO, the Company amended and restated its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation”) and amended and restated its Bylaws (the “Amended and Restated Bylaws”). The Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on August 1, 2022 and became effective on that date, and among other things, increased the authorized number of Common Stock to 70,000,000 shares and decreased the authorized number of preferred stock to 30,000,000 shares.

At-the-Market Equity Offering

On February 14, 2024, the Company entered into an At The Market Offering Agreement (the “ATM Agreement”) with H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC (“Wainwright”), to sell shares of its Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, (the “Shares”) having an aggregate sales price of up to $1,445,000, from time to time, through an at-the-market offering program under which Wainwright will act as sales agent. The sales, if any, of the Shares made under the ATM Agreement will be made by any method permitted by law deemed to be an “at-the-market offering” as defined in Rule 415 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). Effective March 25, 2024, the Company filed a prospectus supplement to amend, supplement and supersede certain information contained in the earlier prospectus and prospectus supplement, which increased the number of Shares the Company may offer and sell under the ATM Agreement to an aggregate offering price of up to $4,950,000, from time to time. Effective May 15, 2024, the Company filed a prospectus supplement to amend, supplement and supersede certain information contained in the earlier prospectus and prospectus supplement, which increased the number of Shares the Company may offer and sell under the ATM Agreement to an aggregate offering price of up to $11,280,000 from time to time. The Company will pay Wainwright a commission rate equal to 3.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds from each sale of Shares. As of September 30, 2024, the Company sold 2,700,482 shares of Common Stock at an average price of approximately $3.16 per share, resulting in aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $8,522,666, for which it paid Wainwright approximately $255,680 in commissions, resulting in net proceeds to the Company of approximately $8,266,986. The Company anticipates that the at-the-market offering will continue throughout the next reporting period.

Share Repurchase Program

On September 28, 2023, the Company announced that its board of directors approved a share repurchase program pursuant to which the Company may repurchase up to $800,000 of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, through September 2024. The Company expects to fund repurchases by using cash on hand and cash flow expected to be generated in the future. As of September 30, 2024 no shares have been repurchased under the program.

Private Placement

On March 14, 2024, the Company issued and sold 2,496,318 shares of its Common Stock and warrants to purchase 2,496,318 shares of its Common Stock in a private placement to certain accredited investors and Company directors pursuant to securities purchase agreements dated March 11, 2024 at a price per share of $1.17 for which the

Company received gross proceeds of approximately $2.92 million. The warrants are exercisable at a price per share of $1.30, are exercisable commencing six months following issuance, have a term of five years from the initial exercise date, and expiring on September 14, 2029. The securities sold to Company directors participating in the private placement were issued pursuant to the MAIA Biotechnology, Inc. 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “MAIA 2021 Plan”).

On March 28, 2024, the Company issued and sold 578,643 shares of its Common Stock and warrants to purchase 578,643 shares of its Common Stock in a private placement to certain accredited investors pursuant to securities purchase agreements dated March 25, 2024 at a price per share of $2.295 for which the Company received gross proceeds of approximately $1.33 million. The warrants are exercisable at a price per share of $2.55, are exercisable commencing six months following issuance, and have a term of five years from the initial exercise date, expiring on September 28, 2029.

On April 25, 2024, the Company issued and sold 494,096 shares of its Common Stock and warrants to purchase 494,096 shares of its Common Stock in a private placement to certain accredited investors and Company directors pursuant to securities purchase agreements dated April 22, 2024 at a price per share of $2.034 for which the Company received gross proceeds of approximately $1.0 million. The warrants are exercisable at a price per share of $2.26, are exercisable commencing six months following issuance, have a term of five years from the initial exercise date, and expiring on October 25, 2029. The securities sold to Company directors participating in the private placement were issued pursuant to the MAIA 2021 Plan.

MAIA Biotechnology, Inc. Restricted Stock Awards

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company expensed $111,500 to consulting expense for investor relations related to the grant of 47,102 restricted shares of Common Stock. There are no unvested restricted shares as of September 30, 2024.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company expensed $682,962 to consulting for investor relations related to the grant of 248,969 restricted shares of Common Stock. There were no unvested restricted shares as of September 30, 2023.

MAIA Stock Warrants

Concurrently with the closing of the IPO, the Company issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 100,000 shares of its Common Stock to the representative or its designees, at an exercise price of $6.25 per share (the “Representative’s Warrants”). The Representative’s Warrants were exercisable beginning on January 23, 2023, and expire on July 27, 2027, pursuant to their terms and conditions. On August 3, 2023, concurrently with the full exercise of the representative’s over-allotment option, the Company issued additional Representative’s Warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 15,000 shares of its Common Stock to the representative or its designees on the same terms. The Representative’s Warrants are not indexed to the Company’s own stock and therefore meet the definition of a derivative liability. The Representative’s Warrants are liability classified instruments and were initially recorded at a value of $343,735, which was determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton method using a term of five years, risk free interest rate of 2.82% and volatility of 77.5%. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company remeasured the warrant liability resulting in a value of $140,963 and $40,211 respectively. The gain on remeasurement of the warrant liability in the amount of $68,646 and the loss on remeasurement in the amount of $100,752 was included in other (expense) income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The gain on remeasurement of the warrant liability in the amount of $18,193 and $141,934 was included in other (expense) income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

On November 9, 2023, the Company issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 239,234 shares of its Common Stock to Alumni Capital LP (“Alumni”), at an exercise price of $2.09 per share. The warrants were exercisable beginning on November 10, 2023, and expire on November 10, 2027, pursuant to their terms and conditions. The warrants are not indexed to the Company’s own stock and therefore meet the definition of a derivative liability. On November 13, 2023, 131,578 warrant shares vested in accordance with the terms. The warrants are liability classified instruments and were initially recorded at a value of $84,251, which was determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton method using a term of 3.87 years, risk free interest rate of 3.93% and volatility of 90.0%. Laidlaw & Company Ltd. acted as the financial advisor to the Company in connection with the warrant and were paid a cash fee of $13,750. The warrants were exercised on May 22, 2024 in a cashless exercise and Alumni

was issued 54,976 shares of Common Stock. The Company remeasured the warrant liability at the time of the exercise resulting in a value of $375,705. The warrant liability was removed to reflect the warrants being exercised and equity was increased by the value of $375,705. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the warrant liability resulted in a value of $0 and $84,251, respectively. The loss on remeasurement in the amount of $0 and $291,454 was included in other (expense) income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.

On November 17, 2023, the Company issued warrants concurrently with the Company’s registered direct offering to purchase an aggregate of up to 2,424,243 shares of its Common Stock to the investors in the registered direct offering at an exercise price of $1.86 per share (subject to customary adjustments as set forth in the warrants). The warrants are exercisable six months following issuance and will have a term of five years from the initial exercise date. The warrants contain customary anti-dilution adjustments to the exercise price, including for share splits, share dividends, rights offerings and pro rata distributions. The warrants were not indexed to the Company’s own stock and therefore met the definition of a derivative liability. The warrants were liability classified instruments and were initially recorded at a value of $1,903,915, which was determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton method using a term of 5.38 years, risk free interest rate of 3.85% and volatility of 90.0%. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, 909,091 warrants were exercised on various dates in cashless exercises and the investor was issued 458,726 shares of Common Stock. The Company remeasured the warrant liability of the exercised warrants at the time of the exercise resulting in a value of $2,815,970. The warrant liability for the exercised warrants was removed and equity was increased by the value of $2,815,970. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the warrant liability resulted in a value of $3,235,441 and $1,903,915, respectively and the gain on remeasurement in the amount of $1,067,442 and the loss on remeasurement in the amount of $4,147,496 was included in other (expense) income for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.

On November 17, 2023, concurrently with the closing of the Company’s registered direct offering, the Company issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of 169,697 shares of its Common Stock to the representative or its designees, at an exercise price of $2.06 per share. These representative’s warrants were exercisable beginning November 15, 2023, and expire on November 15, 2028, pursuant to their terms and conditions. The representative’s warrants are not indexed to the Company’s own stock and therefore meet the definition of a derivative liability. The representative’s warrants are liability classified instruments and were initially recorded at a value of $123,811, which was determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton method using a term of 4.88 years, risk free interest rate of 3.84% and volatility of 90.0%. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 the Company remeasured the warrant liability resulting in a value of $344,198 and $123,811 respectively. The gain on remeasurement of the warrant liability in the amount of $118,277 and the loss on remeasurement of $220,387 is included in other (expense) income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.

Concurrently with the closing of the Company’s private placement on March 14, 2024, the Company issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 2,496,318 shares of its Common Stock to the investors in the private placement, at an exercise price of $1.30 per share are exercisable beginning on September 14, 2024, and expire on September 14, 2029. The warrants issued were divided into two groups: warrants issued to directors and warrants issued to non-affiliated investors. The warrants to purchase 452,731 shares of the Company’s Common Stock issued to directors were deemed options issued under the MAIA 2021 Plan and are equity classified instruments, and the value of these warrants determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton method was $230,685 using a term of 5.5 years, risk free interest rate of 4.20% and volatility of 95%. The warrants to purchase 2,043,587 share of the Company’s Common Stock issued to non-affiliated investors were not indexed to the Company’s own stock and therefore met the definition of a derivative liability. The warrants issued to non-affiliated investors were liability classified instruments when issued and were initially recorded at a value of $2,049,600, which was determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton method using a term of 5.5 years, risk free interest rate of 4.20% and volatility of 95.0%. In May 2024, the Company amended the warrant agreements to adjust them to be indexed to the Company’s own stock, and they were therefore reclassed to equity classified instruments in a non-cash transaction. When the warrant agreements were amended, the Company remeasured the warrant liability resulting in a final warrant value of $5,089,063. The warrant liability for these warrants was removed and equity was increased by $5,089,063 to account for the equity classification. The loss on the remeasurement of the warrant liability in the amount of $0 and $3,039,463 is included in other (expense) income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.

Concurrently with the closing of the Company’s private placement offering on March 28, 2024, the Company issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 578,643 shares of its Common Stock to the investors in the private placement at an exercise price of $2.55 per share. The warrants are exercisable beginning on September 28, 2024,

and expire on September 28, 2029. The warrants were not indexed to the Company’s own stock and therefore meet the definition of a derivative liability. The warrants were liability classified instruments when issued and were initially recorded at a value of $1,190,111, which was determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton method using a term of 5.5 years, risk free interest rate of 4.20% and volatility of 95.0%. In May 2024, the Company amended the warrant agreements related to 437,031 warrants to adjust them to be indexed to the Company’s own stock, and they were therefore reclassed to equity classified instruments in a non-cash transaction. When the warrants agreements were amended, the Company remeasured the warrant liability resulting in a final warrant value of $1,011,562. The warrant liability for these 437,031 warrants was removed and equity was increased by $1,011,562 to account for the equity classification. The loss on the remeasurement of the warrant liability in the amount of $0 and $112,708 is included in other (expense) income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The remaining 141,612 warrants remain liability classified instruments. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company remeasured the warrant liability, resulting in a value of $294,750 and $0, respectively. The gain on remeasurement of the warrant liability in the amount of $76,921 and the loss on remeasurement of $3,493 is included in other (expense) income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.

Concurrently with the closing of the Company’s private placement offering on April 25, 2024, the Company issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 494,096 shares of its Common Stock to the investors in the private placement at an exercise price of $2.26 per share. The warrants are exercisable beginning on October 25, 2024, and expire on October 25, 2029. The warrants issued were divided into two groups: warrants issued to directors and warrants issued to non-affiliated investors. The warrants to purchase 167,157 shares of the Company’s Common Stock issued to directors were deemed options issued under the MAIA 2021 Plan (as defined below) and are equity classified instruments and the value of these warrants determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton method was $346,606 using a term of 5.5 years, risk free interest rate of 4.70% and volatility of 95%. The warrants to purchase 326,939 shares of the Company’s Common Stock issued to non-affiliated investors were not indexed to the Company’s own stock and therefore met the definition of a derivative liability. The warrants were liability classified instruments when issued and were initially recorded at a value of $677,919, which was determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton method using a term of 5.5 years, risk free interest rate of 4.70% and volatility of 95.0%. In May 2024, the Company amended these warrant agreements to adjust them to be indexed to the Company’s own stock, and they were therefore reclassed to equity classified instruments in a non-cash transaction. When the warrant agreements were amended, the Company remeasured the warrant liability resulting in a final warrant value of $769,671. The warrant liability for these warrants were removed and equity was increased by $769,671 to account for the equity classification. The loss on the remeasurement of the warrant liability in the amount of $0 and $91,752 is included in other (expense) income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.

MAIA Biotechnology, Inc. Stock Option and Equity Incentive Plans

In 2018, the Company adopted the MAIA Biotechnology, Inc. 2018 Stock Option Plan (the “MAIA 2018 Plan”). MAIAs board of directors administers the MAIA 2018 Plan for the purposes of attracting, retaining, and motivating key employees, directors, and consultants of MAIA. The terms of the MAIA 2018 Plan continue to govern the 1,833,857 options outstanding under the plan as of September 30, 2024.

In 2020, the Company adopted the MAIA Biotechnology, Inc. Amended and Restated 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (the “MAIA 2020 Plan’’), also administered by the board of directors. The MAIA 2020 Plan permitted awards to take the form of stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units. The terms of the MAIA 2020 Plan continue

to govern the 3,503,589 options outstanding in the plan as of September 30, 2024. There are no shares reserved for future issuance under the MAIA 2018 Plan or the MAIA 2020 Plan.

On August 1, 2022 the Company approved MAIA 2021 Plan with 1,909,518 shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance. On May 25, 2023 the MAIA 2021 Plan was amended to include an automatic increase to the plan in the amount equal to 10% of the total number of shares of stock outstanding on a fully diluted basis on December 31 of the preceding calendar year (the “Increase Date”); provided that, the board of directors may act prior to any Increase Date to provide that there will be no increase for such year or that the increase for such year will be a lesser number of shares of stock. The amount reserved for issuance under the MAIA 2021 Plan increased by 1,956,993 based on the fully diluted shares outstanding as of December 31, 2022. The amount reserved for issuance under the MAIA 2021 Plan increased by 2,838,668 based on the fully diluted shares outstanding as of December 31, 2023. As of September 30, 2024, there are 2,483,927 shares of Common Stock available for future issuance under the MAIA 2021 Plan and 4,052,081 options are outstanding under the MAIA 2021 Plan.

Stock options are to be granted with an exercise price which is at least equal to the stock’s estimated fair value at the date of grant, and with a contractual term of no more than ten years from the date of grant. In the case of an option granted to a 10% stockholder, the exercise price shall be generally no less than 110% of the fair market value per share on the date of grant, and the contractual term shall be seven years. Outstanding options awarded under the MAIA 2021 Plan may, but need not, vest and therefore become exercisable in periodic installments that may, but need not, be equal. The option may be subject to other terms and conditions as to the time or times when it may be exercised (which may be based on performance or other criteria) as the board of directors may deem appropriate. Unexercised options are canceled ninety days after termination of an employee, director, founder, or consultant. Unexercised options are canceled immediately if an employee, director, founder, or consultant is terminated for cause; under certain other circumstances, the period to cancellation may differ as described in the respective plan documents. Certain clauses in the Plans also govern the Company’s exercise repurchase rights and various other features of awards granted under the plans.

As of September 30, 2024, only stock options have been awarded pursuant to the MAIA stock option and equity incentive plans.

The weighted-average grant date fair value of stock options issued during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was $2.43 and $3.12, respectively. As of September 30, 2024, the total unrecognized compensation related to unvested employee and non-employee stock option awards granted was $2,947,830, which the Company expects to recognize over a weighted average period of approximately 2.54 years.